What Is a Surrogate? Full Definition and Explanation

By Dr. Kulsoom Baloch

Learn more about Dr. Baloch

Introduction

The idea of a surrogate often raises questions. Who are they? What do they do? And how does surrogacy work in today’s medical landscape? This guide offers a clear, comprehensive explanation of what a surrogate is and the vital role she plays in helping intended parents build families.

What Is a Surrogate?

A surrogate is a woman who carries a pregnancy for another person or couple (called the intended parents). After birth, she hands the baby over to the intended parents, who become the legal guardians.

Types of Surrogacy

• Traditional surrogacy: The surrogate uses her own egg and is genetically related to the child. This method is rarely used today due to legal and emotional complexities.
• Gestational surrogacy: The surrogate has no genetic link to the baby. An embryo created from the intended parent’s or ‘donors’ egg and sperm is implanted into her uterus via IVF.

What Does a Surrogate Do?

A gestational surrogate:

• Undergoes medical screening and psychological evaluation
• Receives hormone treatment to prepare for embryo transfer
• Carries the baby to term and delivers it to the intended parents
• Receives medical care, emotional support, and financial compensation

Why Do People Use Surrogates?

• Medical conditions that prevent pregnancy (e.g., hysterectomy, uterine fibroids)
• Recurrent pregnancy loss
• Same-sex male couples
• Single individuals who want to become parents

What Is the Legal Role of a Surrogate?

Gestational surrogacy agreements ensure that legal parentage is assigned to the intended parents. These contracts outline:

• Medical responsibilities
• Compensation
• Decision-making authority during pregnancy
• Delivery arrangements
• Post-birth custody transfer

Each party must have independent legal counsel.

Compensation and Support

Surrogates in the U.S. receive base compensation of $45,000–$80,000, along with additional stipends for maternity clothing, travel, and medical procedures. They are also supported by surrogacy agencies with counseling, legal services, and medical guidance.

How Surrogacy Is Coordinated

• A surrogacy agency helps match surrogates with intended parents
• Clinics perform IVF and monitor the pregnancy
• Legal teams draft and finalize contracts
• Escrow companies manage compensation
• Medical professionals provide prenatal care

Conclusion

A surrogate plays an essential, life-changing role in family building. By carrying a baby for someone else, she offers a priceless gift of love and life. Surrogacy4All connects compassionate surrogates with families in need, ensuring a safe, supportive, and ethical process.