Course /Foster Parenting 101- Foster to Adopt
Historically, the foster care system has welcomed single individuals who wish to become foster parents. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, about 28% of all foster and foster-to-adopt parents are single.
While limited data exists on the experiences of single foster parents, one study of single mothers who adopted children found their challenges and rewards were similar to those faced by two-parent households.
Being a single foster parent offers both freedom and responsibility. You have full control over your household rhythm and parenting style, but also face a greater financial and emotional burden. Managing work-life balance can be harder, and disruptions in one area often impact the other.
If you’re considering solo fostering, explore our related course on becoming a single parent, which covers preparation, community support, and practical strategies for success.
Across the United States, LGBTQ+ individuals and couples—as well as single and heterosexual people—are increasingly fostering and adopting children. Acceptance and inclusion have improved, though policies and attitudes still vary depending on the state, agency, or even individual caseworkers.
Current Legal Landscape:
29 states + D.C. prohibit discrimination in foster care based on sexual orientation and gender identity.
5 states + 1 territory prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation only.
16 states + 4 territories have no explicit protections.
14 states allow agencies to refuse LGBTQ+ applicants if doing so conflicts with their religious beliefs.
For the latest information, visit the Movement Advancement Project’s Equality Maps.
While the foster care system has not always been inclusive, progress is clear — today, 3%–6% of foster children live in LGBTQ+ households. Couples who fostered a decade ago often describe mixed early experiences, but most agree that attitudes and agency support have improved significantly.
Research consistently shows that children in LGBTQ+ foster or adoptive families thrive. A University of Texas study found children generally viewed their parents as open, accepting, and understanding. Some did express a fear of being teased, but most reported positive feelings overall.
Similarly, a University of Kentucky study found that 74% of children in LGBTQ+ families displayed strong coping skills, resilience, and positive family bonds.
While 57% experienced microaggressions, fewer than 10% reported bullying or teasing. Even then, most described their emotional distress as moderate or neutral, suggesting that a loving, supportive family environment can offset many external challenges.
If you’re an LGBTQ+ person or couple exploring foster care, organizations like the Family Equality Council, Human Rights Campaign, and ACLU can help connect you with affirming agencies and resources in your area.
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